In cats undergoing midline ovariohysterectomy, is the use of local anaesthesia with bupivacaine associated with a reduction in postoperative pain score?

PICO question In cats undergoing midline ovariohysterectomy, is the use of local anaesthesia with bupivacaine via intraperitoneal or subcutaneous injections, in comparison a control substance other analgesic measure, associated reduction postoperative pain score? Clinical bottom line The category research question: Treatment. number and type study designs that were critically appraised: Three studies appraised this Knowledge Summary. They included two prospective, blinded, randomised, controlled clinical trials one prospective blinded trial. Strength evidence: Weak. outcomes reported: Bupivacaine does not eliminate ovariohysterectomies; minimal evidence was found to suggest it better at reducing scores analgesics. However, may provide benefits when administered injections as combination agents. need for rescue analgesia minimised prior during ovariohysterectomy. Conclusion: When compared control, participating lower after administration bupivacaine, however, statistical significance only reached studies. Additionally, medications post operative score greater effect. cheap simple perform, so it’s part multimodal protocol supported. Confounding factors within have altered perceived effectiveness properties though, further investigation involving larger cohorts standardised controls would be prudent. How apply practice application into should take account multiple factors, limited to: individual expertise, patient’s circumstances owners’ values, country, location clinic where you work, case front you, availability therapies resources. Summaries are resource help reinforce inform decision making. do override responsibility judgement practitioner what best animal their care.